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''Oslyabya'' ((ロシア語:Ослябя)) was the second of the three second-class pre-dreadnought battleships built for the Imperial Russian Navy at the end of the nineteenth century, although construction delays meant that she was the last to be completed. The ship was part of the Second Pacific Squadron sent to the Far East during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–05, and served as the flagship of Rear Admiral Baron Dmitry von Fölkersam. ''Oslyabya'' was sunk on 27 May 1905 at the Battle of Tsushima, and was the first all-steel battleship to be sunk by naval gunfire alone.〔Forczyk, p. 62〕 Sources differ on the exact number of casualties, but over half her crew went down with the ship. ==Design and description== The design of the ''Peresvet'' class was inspired by the British second-class battleships of the . The British ships were intended to defeat commerce-raiders like the Russian armored cruisers and ; the ''Peresvet''-class ships were designed to support the Russian cruisers. This role placed a premium on high speed and long range at the expense of heavy armament and armor.〔McLaughlin, p. 108〕 ''Oslyabya'' had a length of overall, a beam of and a draft of . Designed to displace , she was almost overweight and displaced when built. Her crew consisted of 27 officers and 744 enlisted men. The ship was powered by three vertical triple-expansion steam engines using steam generated by 30 Belleville boilers. The engines were rated at , using forced draft, and designed to reach a top speed of . ''Oslyabya'', however, reached a top speed of from during her sea trials in September 1902. She carried a maximum of of coal which allowed her to steam for at a speed of .〔McLaughlin, pp. 107–08, 114〕 The ship's main battery consisted of four guns mounted in two twin-gun turrets, one forward and one aft of the superstructure. The secondary armament consisted of eleven Canet quick-firing (QF) guns, mounted in casemates on the sides of the hull and in the bow, underneath the forecastle. Smaller guns were carried for defense against torpedo boats. These included twenty QF guns, twenty Hotchkiss guns and eight guns. She was also armed with five torpedo tubes, three above water and two submerged. The ship carried 45 mines to be used to protect her anchorage.〔McLaughlin, pp. 107–08, 112–13〕 ''Oslyabya''s waterline armor belt consisted of Harvey armor and was thick. The belt was high, of which the upper was intended to be above the waterline, but the ship was significantly overweight and only had showing at normal load. At full load, the belt was completely submerged and her only protection was the four-inch upper belt. The Krupp cemented armor of her gun turrets had a maximum thickness of nine inches and her deck ranged from thick.〔McLaughlin, pp. 107–08, 113–14〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Russian battleship Oslyabya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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